Lithium remains a gold standard for mood stabilization, particularly in bipolar disorder, but it demands vigilant monitoring due to its narrow therapeutic window. Effective levels typically range from 0.6 to 1.2 mEq/L—too low may be ineffective, and too high can lead to toxicity with symptoms like tremors, confusion, or even renal failure. Its excretion is almost entirely renal, making hydration status and kidney function critical factors in its management.
This section equips psychiatric NPs with practical guidelines on when to check levels (e.g., 12 hours post-dose, during dose changes, or with symptom shifts), how to interpret results, and what red flags require immediate attention. It also highlights key drug interactions (like NSAIDs, ACE inhibitors, and diuretics) and patient education points for maintaining stability and avoiding dangerous fluctuations.