Substance Use Disorders (SUDs) represent a chronic, relapsing condition marked by compulsive use of a substance despite harmful consequences. The brain’s reward system becomes hijacked, making substances like alcohol, opioids, stimulants, or sedatives feel essential to function. DSM-5 criteria focus on impaired control, social impairment, risky use, and pharmacological indicators like tolerance and withdrawal.
This cheat sheet equips NPs to assess severity, screen using tools like the CAGE-AID or AUDIT, and implement evidence-based interventions, including MAT (e.g., buprenorphine, naltrexone), behavioral therapies, and harm reduction strategies. Understanding co-occurring disorders and the cycle of addiction is crucial for guiding recovery with empathy and structure.